STANFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
  



Making IT
The Rise of Asia in High Tech
Edited by Henry S. Rowen, Marguerite Gong Hancock, and William F. Miller

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Contributors

Jun-Woo Bae is a doctoral student in the KAIST Graduate School of Management. His research interests focus on internationalization and innovation of high-tech start-up companies. His doctoral dissertation is about international entrepreneurship and global start-ups. In addition, he has worked for a high-tech start-up company as a director of product marketing and project management.

Zong-Tae Bae is a professor of innovation and entrepreneurship at the Graduate School of Management in the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST). He received a B.S. degree in Industrial Engineering from Seoul National University in 1982, and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Management Science from KAIST, respectively, in 1984 and 1987. He was on the faculty of Management at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) in Thailand (1989–1991), and worked as a visiting scholar at the Graduate School of Business and Asia-Pacific Research Center at Stanford University (1999–2000). His research interests include various aspects of R&D and technology management and entrepreneurship. He has published articles in the Journal of Business Venturing, R&D Management, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Science and Public Policy, World Development, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, International Journal of Innovation Management, and Technovation.

Rafiq Dossani is a Senior Research Scholar and Executive Director of the South Asia Program at the Asia-Pacific Research Center at Stanford University. He has done research on energy, the IT industry, offshoring, venture capital, and telecommunications in India, and on Asian entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley. He recently edited Telecommunications Reform in India (Greenwood, May 2002), reissued in October 2002 in India. Jointly with Henry Rowen, he has edited The Prospects for Peace in South Asia (Stanford University Press, 2005). Dr. Dossani is currently Project Director, jointly with Martin Kenney, of a project funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation to study the globalization of business processes. He is also writing a history of the IT industry in India for the Stanford Project on Regions of Innovation and Entrepreneurship (SPRIE).

Kyonghee Han was a visiting scholar at the Department of Human and Community Development at the University of California, Davis. He also held the position of Research Fellow at the Institute for Social Development Studies at Yonsei University in Seoul, Korea.

Marguerite Gong Hancock is the Associate Director of the Stanford Project on Regions of Innovation and Entrepreneurship (SPRIE). She has served as a research director at the Stanford Graduate School of Business, Research Associate at the East Asia Business Program of the University of Michigan, and as a consultant in Boston and Tokyo. Active in linking academia, business, and government, she is a member of the Stanford Entrepreneurship Network, a teacher of executive education at Stanford, and an advisor to Joint Venture Silicon Valley as well as to government leaders on both sides of the Pacific. Coeditor of the The Silicon Valley Edge (Stanford, 2000), she is conducting research on greater China’s role in the globalization of R&D, the leadership of China’s high-technology companies, and a comparative analysis of benchmark indicators for Silicon Valley and high-tech regions in Asia.

Ken-ichi Imai is an expert on the economics and management of the firm, industrial organization, and the economics of technological change and innovation. After receiving his Ph.D. from Hitotsubashi University, Professor Imai became a professor and then Dean of the Graduate School of Business at Hitotsubashi. At the Stanford Japan Center, from 1991 through 2000, he served as the Director of Research as well as the Chairman of the Board from 1991 to 2002. During that period, he was also named a Senior Fellow of Stanford’s Institute for International Studies and a Professor, by courtesy, of Stanford’s Department of Economics. Professor Imai has been influential in both Japanese and international policymaking. In Japan, he has been one of the key policy advisors to the Prime Minister and the Minister of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI). He has been an active member of the IT Strategic Council and the Industrial Structure Consultative Council. Abroad, as a member of the drafting committee for the OECD’s Technology, Economy, and Policy Project, he has participated in discussions on the rules of conduct for multinational enterprises and global industry.

Martin Kenney is a Professor in the Department of Human and Community Development at the University of California, Davis and a Senior Project Director at the Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy. His interests are in the history and development of Silicon Valley and venture capital. He is also studying the globalization of high-technology industries and venture capital and the movement of services to India (with Rafiq Dossani). He edited the books Locating Global Advantage (Stanford 2004) and Understanding Silicon Valley (Stanford 2000). Professor Kenney is the author or editor of five books and has published more than 100 scholarly articles. He has been an invited visiting professor at Hitotsubashi University, Osaka City University, Kobe University, the University of Tokyo, and Copenhagen Business School, and was an Arthur Andersen Distinguished Visitor at Cambridge University.

Jong-Gie Kim is a Professor in the Graduate School of Business and Economics in Information at Myongji University. His research interest includes urban and regional economics. He was a Professor in the Graduate School of Venture at Hoseo University. He was also the President of the Korea Environmental Technology Research Institute in Seoul and a Senior Fellow and Director of Research Coordination at the Korea Development Institute. Dr. Kim has conducted extensive research on regional development policy. He is the editor of Regional Industrial Development Policy (1987) and Regional Development Strategy: A Study of Cheju Island (1989). Dr. Kim received an M.A. in Urban Planning from the University of Washington and a Ph.D. in regional economics from Cornell University.

Kark Bum Lee is a Professor at the Information and Communications University, School of Management. Professor Lee received his Ph.D. in Sociology in 1983 at the Bielefeld University in Germany. His research interests include networks of venture industries, information and communications policy, comparative policies on B2B e-commerce, and R&D policy.

Noboru Maeda is Professor of Entrepreneurship at Osaka City University’s Graduate School of Creative Cities. He graduated from Takasaki City University of Economics and holds an M.A. from Keio University and a Ph.D. from Kochi University of Technology. He worked for IBM and for the SONY Head Office in New York and Tokyo as Product Planner and Vice President in charge of Strategy. He is an Affiliated Fellow of the National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP) and was an expert panel member of the Council for Science and Technology Policy of the Japanese Cabinet. In Japanese, he has published many books on start-ups, high-technology clusters, and global business.

William F. Miller is Herbert Hoover Professor of Public and Private Management emeritus, Graduate School of Business, Stanford University. He is also a Professor emeritus of computer science and Senior Fellow emeritus in the Stanford Institute for International Studies. Professor Miller has spent about half of his professional life in business and about half in academia. He is chairman of the board of Sentius Corporation and chairman emeritus of the Borland Software Corporation. From 1979 to 1990 he served as president and CEO of SRI International, as well as Chairman of the Board, CEO, and a founder of the David Sarnoff Research Center (now the Sarnoff Corporation). He was a founding director of the Center for Excellence in Nonprofits. Professor Miller was also vice president and provost, and vice president for research of Stanford. His most recent publication is The Silicon Valley Edge, co-edited with Chong-Moon Lee, Marguerite Gong Hancock, and Henry S. Rowen (Stanford, 2000). As both a graduate and an undergraduate, Professor Miller studied at Purdue, where he received the B.S., M.S., Ph.D., and D.Sc., honoris causa.

Sam Ock Park holds a B.A. and an M.A. in Geography, Seoul National University and a Ph.D. in Economic Geography from the University of Georgia. He is Professor of Economic Geography and Dean of the College of Social Sciences at Seoul National University. He served as the President of Korean Geographical Society, President of the Korean Regional Science Association, President of the Pacific Regional Science Conference Organization (PRSCO), and the Chair of the International Geographical Union Commission on the Dynamics of Economic Spaces. He also served as the Pacific Editor of Papers in Regional Science and is currently an editorial board member of six international journals. He has published more than 120 articles and 15 books on the locational dynamics of economic activities and regional development, especially on high-tech industries and regional innovation systems. He is the author of Modern Economic Geography (1999) and co-editor of The Asia Pacific Rim and Globalization (with Richard Le Heron) (1995).

Henry S. Rowen is Co-Director of the Stanford Project on Regions of Innovation and Entrepreneurship (SPRIE) and a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution, former director of the Asia-Pacific Research Center, and a Professor of Public Policy and Management (emeritus) at Stanford’s Graduate School of Business. In U.S. government service, Professor Rowen was Assistant Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the National Intelligence Council, and Assistant Director, U.S. Bureau of the Budget. He also served as President of the RAND Corporation. Professor Rowen’s current research focuses on economic growth prospects for the developing world, political and economic change in East Asia, and the tenets of federalism. Among his numerous publications, recent noteworthy writings include “The Growth of Freedoms in China” (APARC, 2001) and “Catch up: Why Poor Countries are Becoming Richer, Democratic, Increasingly Peaceable, and Sometimes More Dangerous” (APARC, 1999). Professor Rowen is the editor of Behind East Asian Growth: The Political and Social Foundations of Prosperity (Routledge Press, 1999) and co-editor of The Silicon Valley Edge: A Habitat for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (Stanford University Press, 2000).

Jon Sandelin graduated from the University of Washington with a degree in Chemistry (1962), served four years as a Naval Officer on the U.S. Submarine Ronquil, and then obtained an M.B.A. from Stanford University. From 1984 to 2003, he worked in Stanford’s Office of Technology Licensing (OTL), where he was responsible for licensing all forms of intellectual property, including inventions, computer software, and university trademarks. He also served as a consultant on the licensing of research-related inventions to other universities, nonprofit research organizations, and governments. He served two terms as a Vice President of the Association of University Technology Managers (AUTM) and is past President of the Association of Collegiate Licensing Administrators (ACLA). He is currently serving on the Public Advisory Committee for the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). Granted emeritus status in March 2003, he now devotes most of his time to consulting.

Chintay Shih joined National Tsing-Hua University as Dean of the College of Technology Management in 2004. Previously, Dr. Shih was a Distinguished Visiting Scholar at APARC of Stanford University. He is also a Special Advisor and former President of Taiwan’s Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) from 1994 to 2003. He serves as a Member of the Economic Advisory Committee of the President’s Office, chairman of the Asia Pacific Intellectual Property Association (APIPA), and managing director of the Taiwan Electrical and Electronics Manufacturer’s Association (TEEMA). Dr. Shih is a member of Board of Directors for TSMC and ITRI. Honored as a Fellow of the IEEE in 1992, Dr. Shih also received the Engineering Medal of the Chinese Institute of Engineering in 1995 and the First Medal of the Ministry of Economic Affairs in 2003. Dr. Shih served as Science and Technology Advisor of Taiwan’s Executive Yuan from 1998 to 2004, as President of the Chinese Institute of Engineers between 1998 and 2000, as the Chairman of the Taiwan Semiconductor Industry Association from 1996 to 2000, and as the Chairman of the Chinese Business Incubation Association (CBIA) from 2002 to 2004. He holds a B.S. from National Taiwan University, an M.S. from Stanford University, and a Ph.D. from Princeton University.

Sang-Mok Suh is currently a visiting professor at Myongji University in Seoul. He is also Chairman of the Education & Culture Forum 21 and Executive President of the Dosan Memorial Foundation. From 1988 to 2000, Dr. Suh was a member of the Korean National Assembly, where he was active in legislation on economic policy issues, working primarily at the Finance and Economy Committee and the Budget Committee. In Korea, he served as Minister of Health as well as Senior Fellow and then Vice President of the Korea Development Institute (KDI). Dr. Suh also worked for the World Bank as an economist, specializing in the economies of South Asian countries. Dr. Suh received his Ph.D. in economics from Stanford University and a B.A. in economics and mathematics from Amherst College. Dr. Suh has written many articles and has participated in publishing several books on Korean economy and politics, including To the Brink of Peace: New Challenges in Inter-Korean Economic Cooperation and Integration (Stanford, 2001). In 2004 he published three books in Korean: No Government Can Win the Market, From the Age of Politics to the Age of Economics, and The Korean Peninsula after Kim Jong-Il.

Shoko Tanaka has written papers and articles on Japanese political economy and is currently Principal and Consultant with ST Research. She is also an Honorary Associate Fellow at the Institute for Japanese Technology Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK. She received an M.A. in International Relations and Foreign Studies from Sophia University in Tokyo and an M.A. in International Relations and Comparative Politics from Cornell University.

Toru Tanigawa joined the Japan Development Bank (JDB) after he graduated from Kyoto University at the Faculty of Law in 1973. During his nearly three decades at JDB, he worked in credit analysis, planning regional development projects, and international businesses. After he left the bank in 2000, he was a Visiting Scholar in the Asia Pacific Research Center at Stanford University, where he researched regional innovation systems and business incubation and advised start-up firms and entrepreneurs. In 2002, he was appointed as Professor and Deputy Director General of Art, Science and Technology Center for Cooperative Research at Kyushu University. A leader for university-industry cooperation at Kyushu University, he has also written papers on regional high-tech clusters, business incubation, and university innovation.

Kung Wang is currently the Director and Professor at the Graduate Institution of Industrial Economics at National Central University (NCU) in Taiwan. He was General Director of Industrial Economics and Knowledge Center (IEK) of the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) from 2000 to 2004, and he established the market analysis and consulting service arm for ITRI. He has held numerous Taiwanese governmental positions, including Advisor for National Science, Director General of Science Based Industrial Park Administration (SIPA), and Commissioner of Fair Trade Commission—The Executive Yuan. In academia, he has served as the Director and Chairman of the Graduate Institution of Industrial Economics, and the Department of Business Administration at National Central University. Other positions have included board director for state-owned enterprises and venture capital funds, advisor to the Taiwanese government, and advisor to industrial and commercial associations. He holds B.S. and M.S. degrees from National Taiwan University and a Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

Yi-Ling Wei is a researcher at the Industrial Economics and Knowledge Center (IEK) in the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) in Taiwan. Serving as an industrial researcher, she has participated in the program of Industrial Technology Intelligence Service Program between 1996 and 2004, and has composed tens of research reports on the automotive, machinery, and semiconductor equipment industries. At present, she works on the program of “Industrial Cluster and Regional Innovation,” which concentrates on analysis of comparisons and connections among Silicon Valley, Hsinchu, Shanghai, and other regions as well as government strategy for domestic industries toward innovative development.

Poh Kam Wong is currently Associate Professor, Business School and Director, Entrepreneurship Centre at the National University of Singapore. He obtained two B.Sc. degrees, an M.Sc., and a Ph.D. from MIT. He has published in numerous international journals on innovation strategy/policy and technology entrepreneurship, including Organization Science, Journal of Business Venturing, Information Systems Research, IEEE Trans Engineering Management, and Small Business Economics and Information Society. He has also consulted widely for international agencies such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank, various government agencies in Singapore, and many high-tech firms in Asia. His current research interests include management of technological innovation, innovation policy, and technology entrepreneurship. He has been a Fulbright Visiting Scholar at U.C. Berkeley and a visiting scholar at Stanford University. He is the founding chairman of Business Angel Network (Southeast Asia) and serves on the board of directors of several high-tech start-ups in Silicon Valley and Singapore. He chairs the NUS Venture Support Fund Investment Committee and is a panel member of the TEC, a public sector innovation fund in Singapore.

Yasuhisa Yamaguchi is the Chief Representative of Oita Office of the Japan Development Bank (JDB). Collaborating with Professor Toru Tanigawa, he has conducted research of eight high-technology regions in Japan. At JDB, he has a long experience in the analysis and financing of regional development in Japan, such as start-ups and urban and regional regeneration projects. His current interests are industrial cluster formation, management of technologies, and IP-based businesses and their financing. His recent writings include “Zero-Emission Manual” (Kaizosha, 2003), “Management Strategy of Kyushu University” (Kyushu University, 2004) and “Oita-gaku, Regeneration of Oita Region” (Akashi-shoten, 2005). Yamaguchi holds a B.A. from Kyushu University and an M.Phil. from Cambridge University.

Mulan Zhao is the Director of the Research Office at the Administrative Committee of Zhongguancun Science Park and has also served as the Commissioner of the Administrative Committee of Zhongguancun Science Park since 1991. She has conducted theoretical and policy research on Zhongguancun Science Park, including Yearly Report on the Development of Zhongguancun Science Park (1992–2003), Observation and Reflection on the Entrepreneurship in Zhongguancun Science Park (2001), Investigation into the R&D Institutions Established in Beijing by Transnational Companies (1999), and Research on the Regional Innovation Network in Zhongguancun Science Park (1997). She also participated in the drafting of The Regulations on Zhongguancun Science Park. Previously, she worked at Beijing Municipal Economic Restructuring Commission and the Research Office of the Beijing Municipal Government.